One of the ways to solve the problem of high-quality flax-containing materials production is to improve the technologies for the production and further processing of flax raw. By varying the technological parameters of the individual steps and their sequences one can have a significant influence on the properties of the fibers.
Identifying new quality indicators of the integrated flax fibers allows making the successful choice of technological chains and parameters of running the processes of getting long and short fiber, modifications and the subsequent preparation for spinning.
OBJECTIVE
Development of innovative technology for producing the modified flax fibers corresponding to functional purpose by means of separating bust bunches with the composite chemicals.
This technology is based on fiber pulping technical systems by changing the morphological structure and chemical composition of flax fiber under the influence of new composite chemicals in spreading and machining. It gives the opportunity to expand the range of application of the modified fiber produced by the new physical-chemical- mechanical process for making long-term apparel, children, underwear assortment, decorative fabrics for the interior, footwear and leather, as well as fabrics and products for special medical purpose, for the needs of emergency services , the Ministry of Defence, the railway transport.
Technical application Sanitary- hygiene
Textile application
RESULTS
During the research of microsections of various types of flax fibers morphological changes are found in their structure in the technological processes of obtaining long, short and modified fibers by using the intensified action of complex chemicals based on carbamide phosphate and surfactants .
A new criteria for assessing the degree of pulping the integrated flax fibers are proposed.
Reduction of lignin content with various methods of modification is shown up by the method of ultraviolet spectroscopy.
Ultraviolet spectra of dioxane extracts:
1 – short flax fiber ; 2 – fiber after mechanical modification to the previous emulsification with composition based on carbamide phosphate and dodecyldioxidethylsulfonic asid; 3 – fiber after mechanical modification to the previous emulsification with composition based on carbamide phosphate and dodecylbenzene sulfonic acid ; 4 – fiber after mechanical modification to the previous emulsification with composition based on carbamide phosphate and nonylphenol AF 9-10 ;5 – fiber after chemical modification
As a result of theoretical and experimental research of the mechanisms of action of complex chemicals on the structure and chemical composition of flax fiber in the modification, a new physical-chemical-mechanical method is worked out by emulsification with composite chemicals and differentiation of process of carding. The classification of flax modified fibers is elaborated depending on the functional purpose on the basis of the morphological structure and geometric properties of the fibers.
COMPARISON WITH WORLD ANALOGS
Fiber obtained according to the developed method has a better distribution of fibers along the length of – less than 15 mm fibers to 6.4% and 45 mm long to 4% greater than the fiber content of the basic group of 30-45 mm to19.5%, the content of trash is also reduced on the average by 0.5%. It should also be noted that it reduces the number of technological operations, making possible a significant reduction in the cost of the resulting fiber.
ECONOMIC ATTRACTIVENESS
As a result of the introduction of a new method for modifying flax fiber through intensive separating and cleaning technical complexes fibers under the influence of chemical compositions and optimizing operation parameters of the production equipment opportunities of manufacturing for consumer goods are expanded. This allows you to get a fiber product with a wide range of quality indicators and provide raw material savings. The expected economic effect is 220 UAH per ton of fiber.
SPHERE OF APPLICATION
Plants for the primary processing of Bast Crops CIS, textile enterprises, pharmaceutical, pulp and paper, light industries
RESULTS OF IMPLEMENTING
Production tests which confirmed the effectiveness of the completed research were conducted at JSC Flax-Processing Factory “Starosambirskyi” (Staryi Sambir, Lviv region). (Acts introduction from 23.10. 2012 and 25.10.2012).